How to organize channels on a digital set-top box: get in order!

1st multiplex of digital channels Ostankino DVB-T2 MPEG 4 (30 channel 546.00 MHz)

New time

Today, Russian regions are switching to a new digital TV format. It began with presidential decree No. 715 of June 24, 2009 “On all-Russian mandatory public television and radio channels.”

Thanks to this format, channels are distributed in higher quality; a dozen of them fit on one button. According to the above-mentioned decree, the composition of the “First Multiplex of Digital Television of Russia” (RTRS-1) of 10 TV and 3 radio channels is indicated.

Multiplex is a package of television and radio channels broadcast by one transmitter. The entire multiplex usually occupies the bandwidth of one channel.

The forecasts were:

1. The first multiplex.

Its digital broadcasting in Russia is carried out only by the Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network (RTRS).

Fig.1. First multiplex

The launch began in 2010 from the regions of the Far East.

All channels of the first multiplex are mandatory and publicly available. This means that not a single cable or satellite television operator has the right to encode the signal.

The package remained unchanged until in April 2013 the President of the Russian Federation signed a decree according to which TV Center was included in the first multiplex, and Match TV began broadcasting in November of the same year.

1. Second multiplex.

It contains 10 channels distributed throughout the Russian Federation, and a regional one that broadcasts independently on 21 buttons.

Fig.2. Channels of the second multiplex

The 21st button will broadcast a regional TV station, mandatory and publicly accessible. Those of them selected based on the results of competitions will not have to pay cable operators in their region. But these, in turn, are obliged to broadcast it.

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At the same time, any regional channel can get a place in the multiplex if it develops the concept of its own broadcasting and enters the competition.

1. Third multiplex.

It consists of 8 federal TV channels and a regional or municipal TV channel, buttons 21-22. For each subject of the Russian Federation they are determined separately. By the way, the package is in text mode and will already come with a subscription fee.

Table 1. List of channels in the package

Source: ECTV

This set will include more entertainment, sports, information and educational TV stations.

The Russian Federation has launched a process of phased shutdown of analogue broadcasting in Russian regions. The Tver region became the pioneer. Analogue TV will finally stop broadcasting in Russia in June 2021.

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2nd multiplex of digital channels Ostankino DVB-T2 MPEG 4 (24 channel 498.00 MHz)

Number of channels in Russia

Let's try to estimate the total number of TV channels in Russia

Table 2. Structure of TV channels operating in the Russian Federation

Source: Ministry of Communications, ETsTV

3rd multiplex of digital channels Ostankino DVB-T2 MPEG 4 (34 channel 578.00 MHz)

Attention!!! Since August 24, 2015, there have been changes in the parameters for broadcasting TV channels on the cable network.

From the history of television

Television broadcasting began as free worldwide. Its high social significance literally forces public funds to be invested in its development. Almost until the end of 1980, only the first and second TV programs were available to Soviet citizens. The first was a source of socio-political information, the second – educational.

The idea of ​​pay television was first implemented in the States with the emergence of the first commercial TV company in 1973. Seven years later, similar ones appear in Western Europe.

Only in 1990, the first such commercial structure appeared in Russia, in the form of “TV Channel 2X2”. This happened half a century after the advent of broadcasting in the USSR, first in the capital region, and since 1951, the Central TV Studio was already providing television products to the entire country.

In 1997, the Russian Federation adopted a federal law on TV broadcasting. His channels should be made publicly available.

Cable TV

Not everywhere in the country did conventional antennas provide a good signal. Cable television was designed to solve this problem. The first experiments on the operation of such systems in Russia were carried out already in 1938. And they continued for quite a long time.

From 1980 to 1989, cable TV began to become widespread. This was the second stage of its development in Russia. Many of our compatriots have appreciated the benefits of watching TV without interference. So the connection to it was almost massive.

There was also a third stage. It occurred in 1989-2000. This was the time of TV's transition to a commercial basis. Cable networks offered, in addition to an excellent signal, programs intended exclusively for their subscribers. Multiple TV channels began to open a little later.

By the way, YouTube channels bring bloggers millions in earnings. Some YouTubers earn more than 100 thousand rubles. per month.

How a Chelny builder turned out to be a media tycoon

Three channels - Ilnar Gaisin. He owns 26% of three Chelny channels - STV, Ren TV-Naberezhnye Chelny, Chelny-24. All three channels are represented by one legal entity - InterTeleCom LLC. Another 19% is owned by Galina Khanmurzina, and Abdulkhak Batyushov, Yuri Gorbunov and Maria Egoshina have 18.5% each. The company was founded in 2002.

In total, Ilnar Gaisin owns 17 construction companies. But the basis of his empire is Eurostyle LLC. It is engaged in the construction of a cab plant for the Daimler Kamaz Rus joint venture, as well as the emergency hospital building, the Ice Palace, the building of the 2.18 business center in Naberezhnye Chelny, as well as the Chelny IT park. Eurostyle also built a school building in Naberezhnye Chelny by order of GISU. Regarding this order, activist Ivan Klimov filed a complaint in September 2021: the school began to be built even before the tender was published.

As for the director and one of the founders of InterTeleCom, Abdulkhak Batyushov, he is also the founder and director of Radio Mendeleevsk LLC (former Elkom LLC), as well as the chairman of the board in the Chelny territorial branch of the Republican public movement Tatarstan-Novy Century". He heads two more and “Modern Technologies”, in which he is also a founder with shares of 18.5%. The main shares belong to Ilnar Gaisin.

Batyushov is a deputy of the City Council of Naberezhnye Chelny, a member of the United Russia party. The website of the local party branch says that to this day he is the general director of the STV-Media holding.

Let us note that Abdulkhak Batyushov is one of the most famous media managers in Naberezhnye Chelny. Until 2001, he was a director at the municipal Chally TV, but later resigned from his position due to a conflict with the former mayor of the city, Khamadeev. In 2002, he registered InterTeleCom, and in 2004 the channel began broadcasting. Currently, the assets of InterTeleCom (STV-Media holding) include the Chelny versions of Ren-TV and Channel Five, as well as Avtoradio, NRJ, Humor FM, Radio 7, Radio Dacha" and Comedy Radio.

Abdulkhak Batyushov is one of the most famous media managers in Naberezhnye Chelny. Photo nabchelny.ru

TV moguls, but small ones

More than a third of the package of two Almetyevsk channels operating under one legal entity (Almetyevsk Radio Television Company LLC) - Video Set and RTKA - belongs to Lidia Maslova. RTKA LLC is headed, by the way, by Gennady Maslov. Together with Lydia, they also own another local channel - Vega-TV-Almetyevsk LLC. As we learned from open sources, Gennady Maslov is the director of the local branches of Avtoradio, NRJ and Humor FM.

As for the other owners of RTKA, 25% belong to Irina Samoilova, 20% to Marina Strelova, 10% each to Alexander Panyuta and Akhmat Salimov.

Chelny LLC “TV-7” is engaged in rebroadcasting of two channels “Sem TV” and “Ru.TV”. The company is owned in equal shares by Elza Kabirova (also heads Radio Record LLC, Google.Pro LLC, Good Bureau LLC) and Fanzila Polevoy.

Two more channels - "ChTTs" and "ChTTs-Plus" - are registered with the LLC "Teleradiocompany ChTTs" from Chistopol. 40% of the company belongs to Rafgat Kamalov, 20% to Gulnara Khamaeva, 10% each to Arthur, Ildar, Zaudat, Arthur and Albert Kamalov. It is interesting that Albert Kamalov also owns 27% of the Efir 12 Channel broadcasting company from Chistopol. The channel rebroadcasts Ren-TV, with another 27% from Khamzi Kashapov, 26% from Andrey Mikheev, and 20% from Rafgat Kamalov. Interestingly, in 2012, a conflict broke out between the owners of the Efir Channel 12 TV and Radio Broadcasting Company - Kashapov held an extraordinary meeting of shareholders and transferred the company’s property to himself in trust.

A large federal holding company, STS Holdings LLC, owns two channels. This is “Che” and, in fact, “The First Entertainment STS”. Both channels operate under the legal entity CJSC Channel 6, registered in Kazan, on Gladilova, 34. Another 29.98% of the company belongs to JSC STS, and 21.04% to JSC STS-Region. The holding owns the channels “STS”, “Domashny”, “Che”.

“Tatarstan-New Age” and the satellite version of the channel “TNV Planet” also belong to the Ministry of Land Property of Tatarstan.

In addition, the executive committee of the Bugulminsky district also got involved in something like a holding. He is the sole founder of two channels - “51 MTV” (MUP “MTV”) and “Elabuga News Service” (Autonomous institution of the Yelabuga Municipal District “Elabuga News Service”).

“Tatarstan-New Age” and the satellite version of the channel “TNV Planet” also belong to the Ministry of Land Property of Tatarstan. Photo by Maxim Platonov

“Rain” by Vinokurov’s wife and “Zvezda” by the Ministry of Defense

The sixth most cited TV channel in Russia is Dozhd (Telekanal Dozhd LLC) owned 95% by Natalya Sindeeva, 5% by Vera Krichevskaya. Sindeeva is also one of the creators and co-owner of the Silver Rain radio station, as well as other projects included in the Dozhd media holding - these are, in particular, the Bolshoy Gorod magazine (formerly owned by the Afisha publishing house) and the Republic website (formerly portal Slon.ru).

Note that the investor of all projects is Alexander Vinokurov, one of the founders is Sindeeva’s husband. The second founder of Dozhd is Vera Krichevskaya, a journalist and television director. She is known for being the director of the “Anthropology” program with Dmitry Dibrov on NTV, the producer of the “Freedom of Speech” project with Savik Shuster (first on NTV, then launched the project on the Ukrainian ICTV). She also launched the project “Citizen Poet” with Mikhail Efremov on “Rain”.

Natalya Sindeeva and Alexander Vinokurov. Photo by Peter Antonov (forbes.ru)

Seventh place in terms of citation index is occupied by the Zvezda TV channel. The legal entity of the channel is OJSC “TRK VS RF “Zvezda”. The owner is 99.99% - OJSC TK Krasnaya Zvezda, 100% owned by the subsidiary of the Ministry of Defense, JSC Krasnaya Zvezda. Another 0.01% of the TV channel is owned directly by the Ministry of Defense.

The ninth most cited channel in Russia, TV Center, operates under a legal entity of the same name (in the form of a joint stock company). Since the time of Yuri Luzhkov, the channel has been the main mouthpiece of the Moscow City Hall. Little has changed even now.

Ownership information varies depending on the source of information. In particular, the company itself discloses the owner of only 21.02% - this is CTK JSC (Central Fuel Company). According to Rosstat, this company owns only 18.21% of the shares. Another 0.47% belongs to Promtorgtsentr JSC, and 81.32% belongs to the State Public Institution “Department of Urban Property of the City of Moscow”. JSC CTK, according to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, is 16.02% owned by the same Moscow Property Department, and Promtorgtsentr is owned by Andrey Ryabov and Nikolai Mikhailov.

The European TV channel Euronews closes the top ten most cited channels.
Back in 2004, it was reported that VGTRK became one of the owners of the channel’s shares. She received a 16% stake in Euronews. Other owners of the television company include France Televisions, the Italian RAI, the Turkish TRT, and the Swiss SSR. TV channel owners: Russia

Sorting and channels: instructions

Now let's look at how to move channels on a digital set-top box if the list has already been generated earlier. Take these steps:

• Go to the menu, and then Programs.
• Go to Channel Editor.
• Press the zero button and make sure that all TV channels on the digital tuner are highlighted. This is evidenced by the appearance of a cross.
• Click on Exit and confirm the action. Give your consent to deletion.

• Enter the settings section and do a manual or automatic search. In the second case, you must manually set the required frequencies.

In the next step, you can configure the channels on the set-top box in order or sort them based on your personal preferences. To do this, go to the Programs and Channel Editor section. You can organize information using the following items:

1. Skip. When you select this item, the TV program is removed from the list.
2. Move. The option is designed to move the TV channel.
3. Blocking. Allows you to block the broadcast from being viewed by a child using a password.
4. Delete. When you select a command, the unnecessary item is removed from the list.
5. INFO. Provides switching between the general list, DVB-C, favorites or DVB-T/T2.
6. 0 is a button designed to remove all TV channels from the database.
7. FAV - favorites. By pressing the button, you can edit the channels on the digital set-top box, adding the necessary ones to one or more groups.
8. LAST. This function is responsible for changing the name or favorite group.

To make it more convenient to organize TV channels, on the right side of the menu window of the digital set-top box there is a viewing window and graphic scales indicating the presence or poor reception.

The next question that requires consideration is how to change channels on a digital set-top box. For this:

1. Check the box you want and press the red button. The TV channel should be highlighted in green.
2. Move it up or down. To move, move the cursor to the desired location, and then confirm the selection by pressing the OK button.

Another option is to immediately select a group and organize TV channels on a digital tuner according to the same principle.

Channels can be added to favorites one at a time or to several favorite lists at once. By pressing the LAST button you can change the name.

The INFO button allows you to navigate between different lists of TV channels on your digital set-top box. After clicking it, the cursor is placed at the top of the group, after which you can move left or right. To exit, simply press the INFO button.

If you need to change the name of a TV channel, do the following:

• click on the LAST button;
• type a new name on the virtual keyboard that appears;
• Click OK.

The delete, skip and sort options work according to the standard principle

Nine “Ethers” by Andrei Paramonovich

If we talk about Andrei Grigoriev, then, according to open data, he is the founder of nine channels. The main one is, in fact, the television, partially relaying Ren TV, and all its regional legal entities in Naberezhnye Chelny, Nizhnekamsk, Leninogorsk, Bugulma, Chistopol and Almetyevsk. In all these legal entities, Andrey Grigoriev owns 97.23%. Among the remaining minority shareholders are Grigoriev Jr. and Ilshat Aminov, who worked with the founder of Efir even before joining TNV. In addition, Andrey Grigoriev fully owns the TV channel Efir-24 Relax, and MC Efir LLC owns 31.58% of the TV channel. The remaining shares belong to Management Plus LLC (63.16%), Alexey Baganov (2.63%), Alexey Sobolev (2.63%).

Grigoriev, in addition, owns 50% in Efir-Transit LLC, 34% in TsRT Stolitsa LLC, 50% in Radiotelecom LLC, 25% in DTV-Kazan LLC, 76% in CHOP LLC "Rubezh-Efir". In total, he is a founder in 33 companies and a director in Rent LLC (engaged in the rental of real estate, registered at Gladilova, 17).

One channel

The remaining Tatarstan channels do not belong to holdings, but to individual individuals and legal entities. For example, Yu-TV (legal entity Information Systems Plus LLC) belongs to Gabdulgaziz and Faruza Bikmullin (27% and 24%), Vyacheslav Dolgopolov (23%), Nikolai Korchagin (2%) and TV-Service JSC "(24% - the holding also owns Muz-TV, which has turned into a cable channel, Domashny, Che, Disney channel). Note that there is also a company whose chairman of the board of directors is Marat Gabdulgazizovich Bikmullin, a deputy of the Kazan City Duma. Let us note that he is also the founder of BIM-Radio. The current head of the radio station, Vyacheslav Dolgopolov, 100% owns the cable music and entertainment TV channel BIM-TV.

Kazan Federal University also has its own channel. It is represented by the legal entity of the university itself; accordingly, the founder can be considered the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.

Among the channels with completely their own broadcasting network, we can also highlight “First City Channel” and “Tatar Musical TV Channel Maidan”. “First City” in Kazan was founded by Maxim Solodyankin (50%), Vadim Skopin (33.33%), Vladimir Suvorov (16.67%).

“Tatar Music Channel Maidan” was founded by Ruslan Khalilov (51%), Damir Davletshin (37%), Eduard Utyaganov (12%).

The remaining channels, and there are 11 of them, represent regional “tabs” in the broadcast of federal channels. Noteworthy here are the Nizhnekamsk TV channel "Neftekhim", the founder of which is PJSC "Nizhnekamskneftekhim", and the Almetyevsk channel "Alma" - it was founded by the son of Shafagat Takhautdinov, the former head of Tatneft - Rustem Takhautdinov.

Among the remaining channels, most are located in Almetyevsk: these are “Family TV-Almetyevsk” (owned by Valentina Zinovieva), “Gambit” (owned by Vasily Ipatiev), “Rekom TV” (owned by Rinat Mirgaliev), “Region-TV” (owned by Anisa Yamalieva ).

Two more channels are based in Yelabuga - “Domashny-Elabuga” (owned by Nikolai Gordeev and Marat Mukhamedzyanov) and “TNT Yelabuga” (owned by Alexander Kozlov).
In addition, another channel is based in Aznakaevo (“Aznakaevo Radio and Television” by Ilkam Gazizyanov, Marat Basariev, Nail Iskhakov, Ramil Islamov, Igor Rodionov, Niyaz Khamzin and Farkhat Yusupov), Urussu (“KTV-Urussu” by Alexander Koshchienko) and Bavlakh (“TV-Fortuna” by Rishat Yunusov, Olga Lyamina, Rashit Samarkhanov). TV channel owners: Tatarstan