Screen resolution, aspect ratio and their letter abbreviations

When choosing a TV, the user must take into account a large number of factors, including the labeling and technical characteristics of the device. An important characteristic is resolution. A lot depends on what it is, including the quality of viewing. Suddenly one permit is not so different from another, but they still charge a lot of money for it. Is it worth overpaying for a TV that supports full resolution or not? It’s worth looking into this in more detail to understand all the subtleties.

• What is FullHD
• Comparison of HD and Full HD
• What is aspect ratio
• How screen size affects resolution

4:3 resolutions

Recently, this format has given way to new formats such as 16:9 and 16:10.

QVGA - 320 x 240 (4:3) - 76.8 kpix.

VGA 640 x 480 (4:3) - 307.2 kpix.

SVGA 800 x 600 (4:3) - 480 kpx.

XGA 1024 x 768 (4:3) - 786.432 kp.

XGA+ 1152 x 864 (4:3) - 995.3 kpx.

SXGA+ 1400 x 1050 (4:3) - 1.47 megapixels.

HDV 1080i (Full HD Anamorphic Non-Square Pixel) 1440 x 1080 (4:3) - 1.55 MP.

UXGA 1600 x 1200 (4:3) - 1.92 megapixels.

QXGA 2048 x 1536 (4:3) - 3.15 megapixels.

QUXGA 3200 x 2400 (4:3) - 7.68 megapixels.

HUXGA 6400 x 4800 (4:3) - 30.72 megapixels.

Tips for choosing

If the TV is outdated and you are considering purchasing a more advanced model with Full-HD support.

It is recommended to pay attention to the following features:

1. Availability of a built-in Wi-Fi tuner and screen mirroring technology. This will greatly facilitate the process of displaying images from other devices.
2. Supports satellite and cable tuner. Regular over-the-air channels operate in HD 720px, but via cable or satellite there are a lot of Full-HD programs, incl. and federal broadcasting.
3. Matrix technology. If the budget is only enough for an inexpensive LCD TV, its screen should be based on IPS, because TFT matrices are characterized by strong screen illumination.
4. Ethernet standard support. It’s more convenient to output from your devices via WiFi, but to receive Full-HD images from a remote server, it’s better to connect to wired Internet, because it has higher speed.

Even TVs of previous generations have a LAN connector for a network cable, but a modern cheap model may not have it.
However, these criteria should be taken into account only when paying attention to Full-HD technology, but when buying a TV it is important to consider other parameters, which are discussed in detail in the topic “Line 4 in the table”.

Table of screen resolutions, aspect ratios and their letter abbreviations:

We hope that the screen resolutions we have collected in a single table and their abbreviations will be useful to you when choosing a monitor, TV, smartphone, tablet or laptop.

(2)

To understand which screen resolution corresponds to which letter designation, you can use the table below.
The table shows the names (letter abbreviations) of all types of resolutions and corresponding screen aspect ratios. The table starts from the old QVGA and ends with the latest advances in the structure of screen matrices - WHUXGA, which is shown in the photo above. The first column contains the name of the resolution, the second the actual resolution in pixels, the third column indicates the number of pixels. Screen resolutions and aspect ratios:

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From year to year, monitors have improved mainly only in increasing the resolution of the matrix and screen sizes. All this has caused people to strive to view content of ever better quality. Fortunately, production does not stand still, and more and more powerful and advanced computer devices are entering the world market. With their help, this high-quality content is created and broadcast.

Screen resolution 16:9, like 16:10, is the standard for modern times. In this case, the matrix resolution is 1920 x 1080 and 1920 x 1200 pixels, respectively. However, now you should not judge the size of a monitor by its resolution, since even some mobile phones with a screen diagonal of 5 inches have a matrix resolution of more than the FullHD standard (1920 x 1080 pixels).

Modern monitors from the middle price segment, having screen resolutions of 16:9 and 16:10, usually have screens with a diagonal of 22-24 inches. But it was not always so. The optimal screen resolution has varied from time to time.

HD TV signal

When you watch movies on TV, you may notice that the picture quality of digital, cable or satellite television is an order of magnitude lower than the quality of video viewed using a Blu-Ray player. If you think that the problem is that the screen resolution is not large enough, then you are mistaken. The problem is completely different.

Companies that allow their customers to watch up to three thousand channels in HD quality do this in the following way. In order to fit such a large amount of data into a rather dense stream of information, the video signal is very highly compressed, as a result of which the color gradation, sharpness and clarity of the image that was at the beginning practically disappears.

Short story

At the beginning of the history of content creation and playback, the screen aspect ratio was 1:1, that is, “square”. This solution was used only in photography and allowed the composition of the frame to be used both vertically and horizontally. Later, a similar format began to be used when creating films.

The “square” format was replaced by the 5:4 format, which was also called 1.25:1. It was used in some computer monitors and many people confused it with the more common 4:3 format. The only difference was the resolution of 1280 x 1024 pixels. Some “experts” and “professionals” noted a more accurate transmission of geometry on this screen format, but not everyone agrees with this, and the debate is still ongoing.

Immediately after the “square”, in order to expand the visible scene and frame, a 4:3 or 1.33:1 format was created. This format first became widespread in photography and cinema, and then became the standard for analog television broadcasting. You can remember the period when every home had, first, huge wooden and later plastic flat-screen TVs with an almost square screen to receive that broadcast standard. Computer monitors also received this format and for a long time had resolutions of 1024 x 768, 1152 x 864 and 1600 x 1200 pixels. Subsequently, they were supplanted by widescreen devices with a resolution of 16:9.

There were also 3:2 and 14:9 formats. The first did not prove itself to be anything significant, but the second was an intermediate format for the transition from 4:3 analogue television broadcasting to widescreen and easily fit into the old format in the form of small black stripes at the top and bottom of the screen.

The modern 16:10 aspect ratio format has been adopted by computer monitors and a large number of laptops with resolutions of 1280 x 800, 1440 x 900 and 1680 x 1050 pixels per inch. The advantage of this format is a larger working space compared to the most popular one, which has a resolution of 16:9. This format is widely used in gaming monitors.

The transition from analogue to digital television was marked by the creation of a unified high-definition television standard, HDTV, with a 16:9 format. The resolution of the screen matrix in this case is: 1366 x 768, 1600 x 900, 1280 x 720 and 1920 x 1080 pixels. Now there are much more capacious matrices of the same format. What is the difference for the user?

Increasing screen resolution on Windows 7.

Hello dear readers, in today’s article you will learn how to increase the screen resolution on Windows 7, as well as which of them are the most popular, but before we begin, I want to explain what screen resolution is.

This is a value indicating the number of points per unit of a certain area. Typically, this term applies to video files and photographs. Right-click on a free space on the desktop and select “Screen Resolution” from the context menu that opens. After this, a window will open through which you can not only increase the screen resolution, but also find out what image format you currently have. To do this, you just need to expand the menu, in the “Resolution” item.

Here you will see that on my computer the image is within 1680x1050, so we can say that this is the highest value by the standards of my video card and monitor. But if this is not the case for you, you can increase them to the maximum by setting the highest value, however in this case, be careful, when increasing the image format, the speed of the computer (performance) often drops, especially if your computer is weak. And finally, let me write about several of the most popular formats found on computers with the Windows 7 operating system installed:

1. 1680x1050 – WSXGA+ is the highest;
2. 1600x1200 - UXGA;
3. 1600x1024 - WSXGA;
4. 1280x1024 - SXGA;
5. 1280x720 - HD 720p;
6. 800x600 - SVGA, lowest resolution on Windows 7.

OK it's all over Now! Now you know how to increase the screen resolution and next time you can do it yourself, but again I repeat that you should not overdo it, as the speed of the computer may noticeably decrease.

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Screen aspect ratio at home and in the office

Nowadays, people use a lot of different computer devices, mobile gadgets and wearable electronic devices both at home and at work in the office. All these technologies are designed to simplify and speed up work, as well as entertain owners.

Screen resolutions of 16:9 and 16:10 are found both in a computer or laptop, and in a TV broadcasting digital content and digital television broadcasting. For fans of computer video games, both of these formats are ideal and they differ only slightly, but TVs usually do not use 16:10 formats.

For workers who deal with spreadsheets, text, or 3D modeling and drawings, having a slightly taller vertical screen (16:10 versus 16:9) allows for valuable additional work and viewing space, resulting in better work.

How to increase screen resolution on a laptop -

Increasing screen resolution is not an easy procedure, which often forces the user to use outside help during its implementation. There are often situations when a laptop user accidentally changes the screen (matrix) resolution by pressing a combination of hot keys, or, for ease of use, selects the one that suits his needs.

Ways to increase matrix resolution on a laptop

Note! Each specific model has its own “ceiling” of the highest resolution.

Content is important

Having a monitor with a 16:9 screen, you also need to have digital content itself. It is created both on video and photo recording devices, and on the computer devices themselves. In the modern world, the media world is being adjusted to FullHD and 4K standards with a 16:9 resolution, since, by unifying content, equipment and content manufacturers abandon non-standard solutions in favor of generally accepted standards. Such actions made it possible to reduce costs for the development of new formats and their implementation, as well as free up production resources for improving and improving products in other areas.

Scan.

High-definition television allows for progressive scanning, while traditional definition produces interlaced scanning. In incremental (or progressive) scan, the picture appears on the screen instantly, rather than gradually in odd and even lines.

Progressive scan does not have a number of disadvantages:

• Doesn't give the impression of a comb at the junctions of moving objects.
• The image does not flutter against the background of thin horizontal stripes.

These parameters are represented by the symbols p and i. An HD signal of 1920x1080 with interlaced scanning is labeled 1080i, while a similar signal with progressive scanning is labeled 1080p.

For lovers of quality cinema and computer games

Modern monitors with aspect ratios of 16:9 and 16:10 for connoisseurs of gaming and film content do not allow you to fully immerse yourself in the digital world, since they are limited by the viewing width, and the human eye perceives much more with its peripheral vision. For this purpose, developers of monitors and televisions have created special series of their devices with very wide screens. They received an aspect ratio of 21:9 and resolutions of 2560 x 1080 and 3440 x 1440.

• Tutorial

Tablets and smartphones are equipped with screens with different aspect ratios and different pixel densities, but these parameters are rarely indicated in the technical specifications. Let's try to figure out all the tricks associated with these parameters. Let's start with tablets. Here is the ratio of screen sizes used in most modern tablets.

Notice how an 8″ screen with a 4:3 aspect ratio is visually larger than a wide 7″ screen. And the wide 10.1″ screen is one centimeter smaller in height than the 9.7″ screen. I have tabulated the parameters of the screens most often used in tablets.

Text on screens with low PPI (dots per inch) is not comfortable to read. I would not buy a tablet with a screen that has a PPI lower than 150. Even the 164 PPI of the iPad mini screen seems insufficient to many. Screens with a PPI of more than 200 are perceived well. It was a great discovery for me that a 9.7″ 1024×768 screen has an even lower PPI than a 7″ 800×480 screen. Modern smartphones use screens with different aspect ratios (3:2, 5:3, 16:9), but they are all pretty close. In the picture I illustrated the ratio of screen sizes with the same diagonal and different aspect ratios.

The table of screens used in smartphones looks impressive.

As you can see from the table, there are very few screens with low PPI. Of course, you should not buy a smartphone with a screen with a pixel density below 170 PPI. But again, it is better for this figure to be above 200. The vast majority of screens have a square pixel, so the aspect ratio of the screen can be calculated by knowing the number of pixels in width and height. There are only two exceptions - the “wrong” tablet screens with rectangular pixels are 800x480 (should be 800x500) and 1024x600 (correctly should be 1024x640). I spent the evening creating these pictures and tables primarily for myself. I hope that they will be useful to you too. Tables in the excel file: nadezhin.ru/lj/ljfiles/screen.xls upd.: Tables of resolutions and ppi of many devices: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_displays_by_pixel_density Ppi calculator: members.ping.de/~sven/dpi.html .

Sources used:

• https://admin-gu.ru/other/osnovnye-rashirniya-i-formaty-ekranov
• https://www.scp-garant.ru/service/news/razreshenie_jekranov_sootnoshenie_storon/
• https://texnoblogger.com/razresheniya-ekrana/
• https://fb.ru/article/192207/razreshenie-sootnoshenie-storon-ekrana-monitorov-raznyih-formatov
• https://habr.com/post/169141/

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What monitor resolutions are there?

It is determined by the maximum value that is supported by the laptop matrix. Attempts to increase the resolution to values ​​​​not supported by the matrix can lead to its damage and further incorrect operation. By the way, replacing a laptop matrix is ​​one of the most expensive PC repairs.

Each operating system has a utility for setting screen resolution;

1. In order to use it, go to the Desktop, right-click on any free space.

2. Next, in the menu that opens, select “Properties”, “Screen resolution”;

You can also use the following alternative and no more complicated path: “Start/Control Panel/Display/Screen Resolution”. This path to the utility may vary slightly depending on the OS version used;

3. Select the most suitable resolution by moving the slider.

It is not always possible to achieve what you want using this method: in most cases, the user does not have the opportunity to select the maximum resolution due to the fact that the system cannot recognize the technical parameters of the installed matrix.

The benefits of high definition

Compared to standard definition, HD technology has increased image detail. The image quality is further enhanced by various enhancement technologies such as Progressive Scan, 2D/3D Dynamic Noise Reduction, Wide Dynamic Range (WDR), etc. In short, HD provides superior picture quality. A typical 960H analogue camera provides a resolution of 960H/WD1, which is 960x480 pixels (for NTSC) or 960x576 pixels (for PAL). Once the signal is digitized in a DVR or hybrid video recorder, the image will consist of a maximum of 552960 pixels (0.5 megapixels). A high definition camera can cover a much wider area than a regular camera. Let's take for example a 12-megapixel panoramic camera with a fisheye lens with a 360-degree viewing angle. With a built-in 12MP image sensor and ePTZ (virtual pan/tilt/zoom) and image splitting capabilities, it can replace multiple conventional CCTV cameras at once, significantly reducing installation costs and subsequent maintenance fees. Excellent compatibility is another advantage of HD. Whether you're shopping online or visiting your local electronics store, you've noticed that all TVs, camcorders, and digital cameras support HD 1080p (FullHD). Accordingly, if you want this equipment to work with your CCTV system, you should choose a CCTV system that supports 1080p. Also we understand that 4K is the current trend, it is logical to expect that 4K UHD CCTV system will become popular in the future.

Solving some problems

If the list of resolutions is not available to you or nothing has changed after applying the settings, update your graphics drivers. You can check their relevance and download them using special programs. For example, DriverPack Solution, DriverScanner, Device Doctor, etc.

The best programs for installing drivers

• There are some monitors that require their own drivers. You can find them on the manufacturer’s official website or try searching using the above-mentioned programs.
• The problem may also be caused by the adapter, adapter or cable with which the monitor is connected. If there is another connection option, try it.
• When you change the value, and the image quality becomes very bad, set the recommended parameters and change the size of the elements in the “Screen” section

• If the system did not automatically adjust the resolution when connecting an additional monitor, then follow the path “Display settings” - “Graphics adapter properties” - “List of all modes”. Select the desired size from the list and apply.

With these simple manipulations you can adjust the screen and its resolution in Windows 10.

Sources

• https://wire-phones.ru/razresheniya-ekrana-tablica/
• https://SmartBobr.ru/poleznosti/full-hd/
• https://ProSmartTV.ru/tehnologii/full-hd-razreshenie.html
• https://public-pc.com/menyaem-razreshenie-ekrana-v-windows-10/
• https://SoftikBox.com/kak-v-windows-10-pomenyat-razreshenie-ekrana-10874.html
• https://lumpics.ru/how-change-screen-resolution-windows-10/

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Which panel do I need? TN, VA or IPS

Today, three main technologies are used for the production of monitors: TN technology (Twisted Nematic), VA (Vertical Alignment) and IPS (In-Plane Switching or planar switching). Each type has several variations that have their own advantages. We won't go into detail about how each technology works. Instead, we've put together a table where you can see how each technology affects image quality and in which cases it is better to choose one or another panel.

TN

V.A.

IPS

Performance

Fastest: Fastest response time, highest refresh rates, minimal motion blur; Low input lag

Typically the longest response time; Higher refresh rates possible

Slower response time than TN, faster response time than VA; High update frequency is rare

Display

Worst viewing angles; Worst color

Viewing angles are usually better than TN, worse than IPS; Good color; Better contrast; Best color depth

The largest viewing angles; The best color

Price

The cheapest

More expensive models may have performance comparable to TN

Most expensive

What is it best suited for?

Games

General Use

Professional use

This graph should be enough to help you decide on the panel type, but if you want to go deeper, consider the following:

• Contrast is the most important factor in image quality and reliability (5000:1 is better than 1000:1). Thus, VA panels have the best image quality among VA, IPS and TN.
• We've reviewed many TN screens that offer color quality that rivals more expensive IPS and VA displays. While the general consensus is that TN panels have less vibrant colors and contrast than VA and IPS panels, you most likely won't notice the difference. Many gaming monitors use TN panels due to their high response speed. We've found that color quality affects price more than panel technology.